Evolve HESI Practice Exam

Which client is most likely to have a significant protein requirement?

1. A client recovering from surgery

2. A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant

3. An elderly client on a low-protein diet

4. A male athlete in training

The correct answer is: A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant

The most significant protein requirement is seen in a lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant. During lactation, the mother needs additional protein to support the production of breast milk, which is rich in protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. The protein content in breast milk is crucial for the infant's growth and development, as it provides the necessary building blocks for the baby’s rapidly growing tissues, including muscles and organs. A client recovering from surgery also has increased protein needs but may not require as high a level as a nursing mother because their needs are primarily focused on healing and tissue repair rather than supporting another person's growth. An elderly client on a low-protein diet may actually need protein to prevent muscle wasting or malnutrition, but their requirements typically do not exceed those of a lactating individual. A male athlete in training requires extra protein to support muscle recovery and growth related to physical exercise, but again, the level of protein needed during lactation surpasses that of active individuals, as the body is not only repairing but also nurturing another life.